Colorectal cancer: Research Assessment #5
Date: October 23, 2020
Subject: Colorectal cancer: From prevention to personalized medicine
Citation: Binefa, Gemma et al. "Colorectal cancer: from prevention to personalized medicine." World journal of gastroenterology vol. 20,22 (2014): 6786-808. doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i22.6786
Assessment:
Colorectal cancer is due to the influence of genetics and environmental factors. This cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers and incidental cancers worldwide and develops through gradual genetic and epigenetics changes; it transforms from a normal colonic mucosa into invasive cancer. About 1,235,108 people are diagnosed with Colorectal Cancer annually, and 609,051 die from Colectorial cancer. By 2030 the world health organization estimates that the number of deaths from Colectorial cancer will increase by eighty percent. They also estimate that the number of newly diagnostics will increase by seventy-seven percent.
Through educational campaigns, preventative screening in the earlier stages, and personalized treatments according to gender and age characteristics, one can reduce the risk factors and lower the chance of death by more initial knowledge and detection.
Although there is enough evidence that supports the use or analyzing of biomarkers such as DNA or RNA in proteins in the blood or stool, the quick progression of technologies in the field of molecular biology will soon begin to introduce this into clinical practices. Except in the Caribbean, Corecteral cancer results in more frequent death of men than women. About sixty percent of Colorectal all cancer cases are diagnosed in developed countries. Since around the 1990s, improvements in Colectorial cancer relative survival in both genders can be explained by early prevention and diagnostic at initial stages, drastic improvements in steps two and three of treatment.
Colorectal cancer can benefit from primary and secondary prevention strategies. Around sixty-six to seventy-five percent of Colorectal cancer cases could be avoided with a healthy lifestyle. Some of the risk factors of colorectal cancers including a diet low in vegetables, excessive amounts of red meat and saturated fat, high saturated fat intake, a lifestyle consisting of little to no physical activities, tobacco, and being overweight. From the age of fifty and on, Colectorial cancer becomes more frequent. The primary preventative treatments prove to be one of the best strategies in limiting the risk of having colorectal cancer.
Secondary preventative measures include preventative cancer screening. One of the types of screenings includes a colonoscopy. Although one of the disadvantages of a colonoscopy is that it is an invasive test not except for complications, it is associated with the reductions of Colorectal cancer deaths. Other treatments include sigmoidoscopy, DCBE, and CT Colonography.
Furthermore, Biological sample analysis, such as fecal hemoglobin, a positive meaning one exhibits signs of having early-stage Colectorial cancer.
Additionally, the drastic improvement of the knowledge of the genome, methylome transcriptome, and proteasome has led to exploring new methods for Colorectal cancer diagnostics.
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Many techniques are now available to help detract this cancer in its earliest stages. Screening programs as a part of preventative e medicine have helped to make these techniques more accessible to the population.